Thematic Roles and Verb Valency

 

Thematic Roles and Verb Valency

Morphonology and syntax -The emergence of morphology

 Morphonology and syntax -The emergence of morphology

انقر هنا لعرض الملف

Semantic Theories, Levels of meanings, and Types of meaning

 Semantic Theories, Levels of meanings, and Types of meaning

 

Morphonology and syntax-

Week 1 – introduction - Morphonology and syntax

-The emergence of morphology (F. Katamba)

Morphology is the study of words. It became a separate branch of linguistics in the 19th century

to help understand the relationships between different languages. Morphologists compare word

endings, sound systems, and word-formation patterns to show how languages are related and

how they evolve.

Morphology is the study of the structure and classification of words and the units that make

up words.

What is the different between ambiguity and vagueness in semantics ?

Ambiguity and vagueness are two different types of interpretive uncertainty in semantics.

**Ambiguity** is when a word or sentence has multiple possible meanings. For example, the sentence "I will meet you at the bank" could mean that you will meet the person at a financial institution or at the edge of a river.

What is the difference between Ethnocentrism and xenocentrism?

By Hussein Kareem 

Ethnocentrism and xenocentrism are two different attitudes towards other cultures.

What is Historical Background of stylistics?

 The historical background of stylistics can be traced back to ancient Greece, where the study of style was known as "lexis". The Romans later adopted this term and called it "elocutio". However, the modern discipline of stylistics is generally considered to have originated in the early 20th century, with the work of the Russian formalists.

Which of these words describes the changing of the form of a verb in order to reflect person, number, tense and mood?

 Which of these words describes the changing of the form of a verb in order to reflect person, number, tense and mood?

a. Declension 

b. Inversion

c. Subordination 

d. Conjugation

What is the difference between The terms Syntagmatic Vs. Paradigmaticin linguistics

 Syntagmatic and paradigmatic are two concepts in linguistics that describe the relationships between words.

What is the difference between The terms language, langue, and parole in linguistics

 The terms language, langue, and parole are often used interchangeably, but they have distinct meanings in linguistics.

اسئلة و اجوبة الامتحان التنافسي اللغة الانكليزية - امتحان التنافسي الدراسات العليا الماجستير admission exam

 

اسئلة و اجوبة  الامتحان التنافسي  اللغة الانكليزية- 

امتحان التنافسي الدراسات العليا الماجستير

By: Hussein Kareem  

 

1. The organization of language into two layers is known as …….

a. patterning b. duality c. structure d. productivity

Provide FIVE realizations of the schwa with phonetically transcribedexamples.

Q: Provide FIVE realizations of the schwa with phonetically transcribedexamples. 

Here are five realizations of the schwa with phonetically transcribed examples:

اسئلة الامتحان التنافسي اللغة الانجليزية للعام ٢٠٢٢-٢٠٢٣ جامعة ذي قار كلية التربية للعلوم الإنسانية، قسم اللغة الإنكليزية

اسئلة الامتحان التنافسي اللغة الانجليزية

 للعام ٢٠٢٢-٢٠٢٣ 

جامعة ذي قار كلية التربية للعلوم الإنسانية،  

قسم اللغة الإنكليزية 

أسئلة الدراسات العليا الماجستير قسم اللغة الانكليزية 

Phone, allophone, and phoneme in English

Q: Sounds in English are in either of three types of relationships, mention them with a breif explanation to each one of them.

روابط صوتيات مادة اللغة الانكليزية و كتب دليل المعلم و المدرس لجميع الصفوف و المراحل عبر التليجرام

 صوتيات مادة اللغة الانكليزية  لجميع صفوف روابط عبر التليكرام تلبية لطلب الزملاء

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* المرحلة الابتدائية  :  

Short story- moral story - Peace Of Mind

One cold morning, a poor shepherd was grazing his cattle in a pasture. He neither had enough clothes to wear nor even a pair of shoes.

Short story- moral story - Final whistle

Final whistle

I watched a local football match in a school playing ground.

 As I sat down, I asked one of the boys what the score was.

With a proud smile, he replied; 'They are leading us 3-0' !!!

REALLY !!!

what's the difference between a language and language? what's a language? what's language?

What is language?

The first thing to notice about the question "What is language?" is that it uses the word 'language' in the singular without the indefinite article. Formulated as it is in English, it thus differs Language grammatically, if not in meaning, from the superficially similar question "What is a language?" 

Several European languages have two words, not one, to translate the English word 'language': cf. French 'langage': 'langue', Italian 'linguaggio': 'lingua'; Spanish 'lenguaje': 'lengua'. In each case, the difference between the two words correlates, up to a point, with the difference in the two senses of the English word 'language'. For example, in French the word 'langage' is used to refer to language in general and the word 'langue' is applied to particular languages. It so happens that English allows its speakers to say, of some person, not only that he possesses a language (English, Chinese, Malay, Swahili, etc.), but that he possesses language. Philosophers, psychologists and linguists commonly make the point that it is the possession of language which most clearly distinguishes man from other animals.  fact that one cannot possess (or use) natural language without possessing (or using) some particular natural language. 

I have just used the term 'natural language'; and this brings us to another point. The word 'language' is applied, not only to English, Chinese, Malay, Swahili, etc. - i.e. to what everyone will agree are languages properly so called - but to a variety of other systems of communication, notation or calculation, about which there is room

for dispute. For example, mathematicians, logicians and computer scientists frequently construct, for particular purposes, notational

systems which, whether they are rightly called languages or not, are artificial, rather than natural. 

So too, though it is based on pre-existing natural languages and is incontrovertibly a language, is Esperanto, which was invented in the late nineteenth century for the purpose of international communication. There are other systems of communication, both human and non-human, which are quite definitely natural rather than artificial, but which do not seem to be languages in the strict sense of the term, even though the word 'language' is commonly used with reference to them. 

Consider such phrases as 'sign language', 'body language' or 'the language of the bees' in this connection. Most people would probably say that the word 'language' is here being used metaphorically or figuratively. Interestingly enough, it is 'langage', rather than 'langue', that Some definitions of 'language' would normally be used in translating such phrases into French. The French word 'langage' (like the Italian 'linguaggio' and the Spanish 'lenguaje') is more general than the other member of the pair, not only in that it is used to refer to language in general, but also in that it is applied to systems of communication, whether they are natural or artificial, human or non-human, for which the English word 'language' is employed in what appears to be an extended sense.

The linguist is concerned primarily with natural languages. The question "What is language?" carries with it the presupposition that each of the several thousand recognizably distinct natural languages spoken throughout the world is a specific instance of something more general. What the linguist wants to know is whether all

natural languages have something in common not shared by other systems of communication, human or non-human, such that it is right to apply to each of them the word 'language' and to deny the application of the term to other systems of communication - except in so far as they are based, like Esperanto, on pre-existing natural

languages. 

Some definitions of 'language'

Definitions of language are not difficult to find. Let us look at some. Each of the following statements about language, whether it was intended as a definition or not, makes one or more points that we will take up later. The statements all come from classic works by

well-known linguists. Taken together, they will serve to give some preliminary indication of the properties that linguists at least tend to

think of as being essential to language.

(i) According to Sapir (1921: 8): "Language is a purely human and non-instinctive method of communicating ideas, emotions and desires by means of voluntarily produced symbols." This definition suffers from several defects. However broadly we construe the terms 'idea', 'emotion' and 'desire', it seems clear that there is much

that is communicated by language which is not covered by any of them; and 'idea' in particular is inherently imprecise. On the otherhand, there are many systems of voluntarily produced symbols that we only count as languages in what we feel to be an extended

.

short story- Money can not buy everything

short story- Money can not buy everything 

Nick was a 10 year old boy. He was the only son to his parents. Nick's father was a very busy businessman who could not spend time with his son. He came home after Nick slept,

moral story: Learn To Be Guided By Your Own Self

Learn To Be Guided By Your Own Self

Once upon a time there was a middle-aged man who was very romantic by nature. He loved being in the company of beautiful women. But his hairs were turning gray.